What each species reads as meaning

blank — No published threshold/relationship for Barrow's Goldeneye x American mink at Myvatn meets the 0.85 bar; returned BLANK per rules. Cavity nesting reduces nest predation; adult/duckling predation is plausible but unquantified.

blank — Indirect driver with no published Myvatn threshold connecting ice phenology -> prey -> grebe (confidence <0.85); returned BLANK. The organism actually senses prey abundance, which is banded in the grebe chironomid_prey_abundance row rather than as a warming/ice signal.

blank — BLANK: no published meaning-band threshold. Direct sense (larval ectotherm responds to water T), but the sole place-specific study reports only a weak, non-significant continuous body-size effect (doi:10.1111/gcb.17014) — insufficient to define bands at confidence >=0.85.

blank — BLANK: indirect/bottom-up coupling. Benthic midge larvae have no documented behavioural meaning-band response to avian predator presence; the published direction is prey->predator, so no predator-presence band can be defined at >=0.85.

blank — BLANK: no published water-level meaning-band for the midge at Myvatn. No resolvable primary source giving a level threshold at confidence >=0.85.

blank — BLANK: indirect/bottom-up coupling; no documented predator-presence meaning-band sensed by the benthic midge larva at >=0.85.

blank — BLANK: no published quantitative meaning-band linking groundwater spring inflow (presence/timing) to A. islandica at Myvatn; relationship is plausible but not thresholded in the literature at >=0.85.

blank — Reversed coupling: the beetle depends on the oak's deadwood habitat, but a living oak has no physiological/behavioural response to lesser-stag-beetle presence or abundance. There is therefore no published threshold for the oak-as-body sensing this signal. Blank by the direct-sense principle.

blank — Reversed coupling: the noctule depends on the oak (roost cavities), not vice versa. No published threshold exists for an oak sensing noctule activity. Blank by the direct-sense principle.

blank — Reversed coupling: the stag beetle depends on oak deadwood habitat, but a living oak has no physiological/behavioural response to stag-beetle abundance. No published threshold for the oak sensing this signal. Blank by the direct-sense principle.

blank — Indirect driver: a nightjar does not sense the N flux itself. Per the direct-sense principle it senses heathland sward structure (bare ground / open mosaic for ground-nesting) and aerial moth prey. No published nightjar-specific quantitative threshold links either proxy to N deposition, so the row is blank. The well-established dry-heath N critical load (10-20 kg N/ha/yr; Bobbink et al. 2010) was found but describes the vegetation's threshold, not the bird's sense.

blank — Indirect coupling and no published threshold. The LSW senses deadwood/saproxylic prey rather than Hymenoscyphus fraxineus infection prevalence, and no quantitative D. minor response to ash-dieback prevalence has been published (the relationship is stated as an open question by monitoring groups). The available standing-deadwood/woodpecker evidence (Kosiński et al. 2018, Biodivers. Conserv. 27:123-145, doi:10.1007/s10531-017-1425-6) concerns great spotted and middle spotted woodpeckers, not D. minor. Confidence <0.85 -> blank.

blank — Downgraded to blank. The noctule's verifiable roost sense is cavity availability (woodpecker holes) rather than the tree species per se, so 'English oak presence/abundance' is a mismatched proxy. No species-specific published oak-preference threshold for N. noctula could be confirmed from primary text: the Ruczynski & Bogdanowicz (2008) full text was not retrievable (all OA/publisher fetches failed), and the one accessible primary source (Boonman 2000) attributes oak preference to Daubenton's bats, not noctules. Confidence <0.85 -> blank.

blank — RULE 1 driver correction: the sensed resource is decaying / dead broadleaf wood (stumps, buried timber, wood mould), not oak-species identity. At Sherwood the ancient oaks are the dominant dead-wood source, but oak presence is neither necessary nor a published threshold for the beetle. Model via a dead-wood / decaying-stump availability signal. Blank is correct.

blank — Coupling direction is inverted for this agent: adult herring do not sense or respond to puffin abundance; puffins are a minor predator of larval/0-group herring only. No published relationship where puffin abundance means anything to the herring population. Correctly blank.

blank — No published numeric meaning-threshold for the local population: the one session-verified local study (Dorey 2020) found broad tolerance with NO distinct optimal/strained/lethal breakpoint across 5–15 °C, so no numeric band can be pinned at >=0.85. Any specific cutoff (e.g. 8 °C) would be unsupported by the cited source. Correctly blank.

blank — No published Ω_ar meaning-threshold for the LOCAL population: acidification WAS tested and the corals were resilient with no sharp calcification/survival breakpoint, so a numeric Ω_ar band cannot be pinned at >=0.85 for this place. The generic Ω_ar=1 saturation horizon is a thermodynamic (not organism-response) boundary; non-local reef Ω_ar values (Lunden et al. 2013, Gulf of Mexico) are excluded under the per-place rule. Correctly blank.

blank — Coupling runs coral-habitat -> squat lobster (the coral provides structure), not squat lobster -> coral. The coral does not sense squat lobster abundance; no meaning-band exists. Correctly blank.

blank — Commensal perching relationship with no documented physiological effect on, or sensing by, the coral. No meaning-band. Correctly blank.

blank — No Paragorgia-specific or cold-water-gorgonian pH threshold exists in the literature; tropical-gorgonian results are not transferable to this deep, cold, calcitic-sclerite species. Correctly blank.

blank — No published canopy-dominance / light threshold exists for this species; its broad shade tolerance means the sparse↔dense axis has no defined meaning-band. Blank is correct.

blank — The orchid's link to trees is indirect and non-specific (shared ectomycorrhizal fungal networks), so beech-species presence has no published threshold meaning. Blank is correct.

blank — E. helleborine is a partial mycoheterotroph whose nitrogen response is mediated indirectly via soil and ectomycorrhizal fungi; no Crossref-verifiable species- or Hainich-specific threshold exists, so the numeric band is left blank. Model via a habitat-level beech-forest critical load only if a site-specific source is later supplied.

blank — RULE 1 driver correction: the sensed resource is cavity / wood-mould availability in veteran trees, not presence of Fagus sylvatica. A beech stand without hollows is not habitat, and a hollow non-beech tree is; presence of beech-the-species therefore has no publishable threshold meaning. Model via a hollow-veteran-tree signal instead. Blank is correct.

blank — No published species-specific upper-temperature STRESS/lethal threshold is crossed by a Westerschelde August heatwave (summer maxima ~20–23 °C sit at/below the growth optimum). Temperature is a genuine direct sense but the 'heatwave stress' band is not supported by a resolvable threshold for this population -> BLANK, not a guess.

blank — Indirect driver with no published meaning-threshold for this body -> BLANK. Storm surge acts on the shrimp only via correlated variables (turbidity, salinity pulses), none of which the worklist assigns here.

blank — Coupling to the spring diatom bloom is indirect (bloom -> zooplankton/benthic prey -> shrimp) with no published scarce/abundant threshold for Crangon -> BLANK.

blank — Same as the diatom row — indirect trophic coupling, no published meaning-threshold -> BLANK. (Duplicate proxy of the diatom-bloom signal.)

blank — Irreducible for this place: searched primary literature (Peralta et al. 2002 is Cádiz; Vermaat & Verhagen is a demographic study), found no Crossref-verifiable Z. noltii light/turbidity threshold expressible as NTU or Secchi depth for the Westerschelde at confidence >=0.85 -> BLANK per no-guess rule.

blank — BLANK: the grebe does not physiologically/behaviourally sense mussel abundance (indirect driver). The value it actually senses is small-fish prey availability, but no published quagga-mediated prey threshold exists for the Rhône (Ondine) at confidence >=0.85. Returned blank rather than guessed; would require a local Rhône fish-prey study to band the true proxy.

blank — No Léman-specific published quantitative threshold links Daphnia longispina state to quagga (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) presence/filtration intensity. Quagga is a recent arrival in Lake Geneva (~2015) and a benthification signal is discussed in monitoring/grey-literature and press sources, but no primary paper with a citable Daphnia-vs-filtration relationship was located. Cross-system (Great Lakes) mesocosm results are not place-transferable under the local-driver rule. Irreducible blank.

blank — No Léman-specific published threshold for the quagga's phytoplankton/seston food sense. The general Dreissena incipient-limiting-level / food-depletion relationship is lab- and Great-Lakes-derived, seasonally variable, and not resolved for oligotrophic Lake Geneva; mapping it to a scarce/abundant band for this place would violate the local-driver rule at >=0.85 confidence. Blank.

blank — No published numeric or categorical threshold at >=0.85 links White-headed Duck presence/fitness to pondweed abundance for this place. Worklist proxy 'pondweed' is also questionable, since diet literature for the species emphasises benthic invertebrates rather than pondweed; but no local, DOI-verifiable threshold was confirmed. The species' documented core range is south-eastern Spain, not the Camargue/Léman transect, so any relationship would be a weak place-transfer. Blank.

blank — BLANK by the direct-sense rule: the living beech has no physiological or behavioural response to helleborine presence (the coupling runs the other way, and is indirect via shared mycorrhizae). No published threshold by which beech responds to Epipactis. Not a meaning-band for the tree-agent.

blank — BLANK by the direct-sense rule: the living beech has no physiological/behavioural response to O. eremita, which depends on pre-existing cavities/dead wood. No published threshold links beech state to hermit-beetle presence. Not a meaning-band for the tree-agent.

blank — BLANK by the direct-sense rule: L. cervus is a deadwood/root saproxylophage (chiefly oak-associated) with no sensed coupling to living beech, and no published beech-response threshold exists. Not a meaning-band for the tree-agent.

blank — BLANK: although the coupling (larvae need water to persist through metamorphosis) is direct and real, no published study gives a quantitative hydroperiod-days -> larval-survival threshold for S. salamandra that maps to bands, and the larval period itself is too plastic to fix a single cutoff. Below-confidence per rubric -> returned blank rather than guessed.

blank — Reversed coupling: the black woodpecker responds to Fomes/heart-rot presence when selecting cavity trees, but the wood-decay fungus F. fomentarius has no published sensory/physiological response threshold to woodpecker presence or foraging. No band for the fungus-as-body. Blank by the direct-sense principle.

blank — Behavioural trigger with no place-specific published threshold. Ovidio et al. (1998, doi:10.1023/A:1017068115183, Crossref-verified) show the autumn-migration trigger is stochastic ('environmental unpredictability rules'), and no Vänern/Gullspångsälven-specific numeric or state cue is published -> below confidence -> blank.

blank — Directionality reversed: the dependency runs mussel->trout, not trout->mussel. Trout fitness is not measurably banded by pearl-mussel presence, so there is no environmental meaning-band for the trout agent -> blank.

blank — Char does not directly sense surface cyanobacteria; the eutrophication coupling it actually perceives is hypolimnetic oxygen decline (captured in the dissolved-oxygen row). No defensible band -> blank.

blank — Smelt's documented environmental sensitivities are thermal and oxygen-related, not a direct cyanobacteria-bloom response. No defensible band -> blank.

blank — Local-driver correction: in oligotrophic-to-mesotrophic Lake Vänern, hypoxia from eutrophication is not the documented limiting driver for noble crayfish — crayfish plague is. No verifiable species-specific DO band -> blank.

blank — The documented recruitment-limiting nutrient signal for FPM is interstitial (streambed) redox/oxygen and nitrate, not a water-column TP threshold (Geist & Auerswald 2007, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01812.x). Commonly cited ~30 ug/L TP oligotrophy guidance comes from agency reports without a primary numeric threshold -> blank.

blank — No source confirms Atlantic/landlocked salmon (Salmo salar) as THE local glochidial host for the Vanern-tributary FPM population; because host use is population-specific, salmon presence cannot be assumed to carry host meaning here -> blank. Brown trout is banded in the separate trout row.

blank — A strong published finding exists but it establishes bleak as a NON-host: its presence confers no glochidial-recruitment meaning to U. crassus, so there is no positive meaning-band -> blank.

blank — Perch host status for U. crassus is untested/unverified in the available primary literature -> blank (no threshold, do not guess).

blank — Stratification strength is a lake-physics driver, not a value the fish body senses; the charr responds to the resulting hypolimnetic temperature and DO, which are banded in the hypolimnetic-temperature and dissolved-oxygen rows. No charr-specific threshold on any stratification index exists -> blank.

blank — Assigned proxy is sensed prey abundance, but Leman perch recruitment is documented as trophic-status- and temperature-driven (Dubois et al. 2008, 10.1051/alr:2008051) - a driver the perch does not directly sense. Banding phosphorus/eutrophication would band the driver, not the sense; no quantified prey-abundance meaning exists -> blank.

blank — Micropollutant/PCB burden is not a value the perch perceives or behaviourally responds to; no perch behavioural/physiological response threshold is published for this contaminant loading -> blank (not a direct sense).

blank — Quagga presence is an indirect benthic/food-web driver, not a value directly sensed by perch; the Leman invasion is recent (~2015+) and effects on perch are not yet quantified -> blank.

blank — Directionality reversed relative to a sensible sense: FPM depends on the trout (host), the trout does not physiologically sense or depend on FPM. No published threshold at which mussel presence/absence changes brown-trout fitness -> BLANK.

blank — Char plausibly senses browning via light/thermal-oxygen habitat, but no Arctic-char-specific published DOC numeric threshold exists; the unimodal yield curve is a brown-trout/community proxy. Confidence <0.85 -> BLANK.

blank — The 0.125 and 0.5 mg N/L figures are region-contingent habitat examples, not a graded physiological dose-response scale, so they cannot be banded as universal optimal/suboptimal/barrier thresholds (same disclaimer that blanks the sibling total_phosphorus row). No Saimaa-specific value published. Confidence <0.85 -> BLANK.

blank — No published species-specific numeric TP threshold exists (CEN 2017 / synopsis 10.1007/s10750-025-06096-6 explicitly decline one); a WFD status boundary is a regulatory, not physiological, value. Confidence <0.85 -> BLANK.

blank — No published A. astacus-specific TP threshold, and no A. astacus-specific dissolved-oxygen lethal threshold either (Demers 2006 hypoxia data cover other native species). Driver is indirect and unquantified for this body -> BLANK.

blank — BLANKED on fact-check: cited DOI 10.3389/fmars.2018.00225 is a taxonomy paper (describes P. solemdali); it states only gamete/spawning salinity, not P. flesus whole-organism 0-35 tolerance. Flounder is broadly euryhaline in the literature but needs a proper osmoregulation source.

blank — Blank by design (confidence <0.85, no verifiable published mg/L figure). Qualitatively roach tolerate low DO similarly to other coarse cyprinids, but that is not quantified here.

blank — BLANK: the on-point source (Haerma et al. 2008, Can J Fish Aquat Sci, DOI 10.1139/f08-167) is paywalled/closed-access; the fetch returned found:false with no full text (only the publisher abstract). Per the hard rule, resolving a DOI / reading an abstract is NOT opening the source, so the band is blanked. Blocked/paywalled domains were not requested per protocol.

blank — BLANK: the on-point source (Albert, Vetemaa & Saat 2006, Ecol Freshw Fish, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0633.2006.00138.x) is paywalled/closed-access; the fetch returned found:false with no full text (only the publisher abstract). Per the hard rule, reading an abstract is NOT opening the source, so the band is blanked. The 2015 ruffe egg paper (Helgol Mar Res) was opened but states only the field salinity where ruffe live (3.5-6 ppt), not a tolerance threshold. Blocked/paywalled domains were not requested per protocol.

blank — BLANK: the on-point primary source (Winkler et al., 'The role of freshwater habitats for the reproduction of common bream Abramis brama in a brackish water system') is not indexed in Crossref and its full text was not openable; the FishBase/CABI-derived '10-12 ppt' figure traces to a book (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007, no DOI) via a US FWS ERSS with no DOI, so it cannot be Crossref-verified or quoted from an opened primary. Honest blank rather than an unverifiable value. (Paywalled/blocked domains were not requested per protocol.)

blank — BLANK: no openable, quotable source states a numeric PSU salinity threshold specifically for Pomatoschistus microps. Per hard rule (openable+verbatim quote required; do NOT request network access), this band is left blank rather than fabricated or paraphrased from a paywalled source.

blank — Saithe is a boreal gadoid plausibly tolerant across the ~12–14°C Norwegian Sea summer surface, but no published, DOI-citable thermal threshold meets the confidence bar — bands intentionally left blank (absence of evidence, not evidence of a narrow niche).

blank — BLANK per HARD RULE: no opened source gives a burbot egg/benthic O2 threshold in mg O2/L. Qualitative 'tolerant of low DO' (closed review abstract) is not a quotable numeric threshold. quote-or-blank → blanked.

blank — BLANK per HARD RULE + one-unit rule (mg O2/L): roach is tolerant/shallow, but every roach-specific numeric threshold I located is either paywalled (Nature 1962; Water Research 1973) or stated in pressure units (kPa/torr) rather than mg O2/L. Converting units would not be a verbatim quote → blanked.

blank — BLANK per HARD RULE: the only quantitative Coregonus egg-O2 thresholds are behind Elsevier paywalls I could not open (Czerkies 2001/2002). An opened burbot-development paper (Kupren et al. 2013, DOI 10.1007/s10499-013-9680-3, Crossref-verified) was checked but reports only husbandry DO (>80% saturation), not a whitefish-egg threshold. No verbatim mg O2/L support obtained → band blanked.

blank — BLANK per hard rule: no opened source quotes a numeric pH threshold for Arctic char. SUPPORT (non-threshold, for transparency): "acidic Al-poor water with pH 5.0 is not acutely toxic" and char showed "a high resistance to aluminium" (Poléo et al. 1997, opened) — an Al-ranking, not a pH threshold. Would need an opened primary char egg/fry pH-mortality study (all found were paywalled: e.g. academic.oup.com bot-blocked, Springer/Elsevier closed).

blank — BLANK per hard rule: no opened source quotes a numeric pH threshold for noble crayfish survival/recruitment. SUPPORT (non-threshold): crayfish suffered losses through "the crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci), habitat loss and acidification of waters" (FAO T0798E, opened) — qualitative only. Al/Ca-mediated moult failure is the expected mechanism but the quantitative pH-recruitment thresholds sit behind paywalls (Hydrobiologia, Freshwater Crayfish, CJFAS all closed).

blank — BLANKED on fact-check: cited source (10.1111/jfb.14054) documents brown-trout extinctions ~pH4.4 and states no fixed pH threshold; 'safe >=4.5' is unsupported and ecologically backwards for a salmonid. Needs re-source.

blank — Honest blank per quote-or-blank rule. Bluebell escapes rather than tolerates summer drought (leaf-out and photosynthesis complete under the closed canopy in spring; foliage dies back before peak summer soil-water deficit), so a summer soil-water-potential threshold in MPa is biologically inapplicable and none is published.

blank — Blank: no opened+quoted MPa threshold at confidence >=0.85. S. torminalis (doi:10.1093/treephys/tpae027) gives only g_min, not a water-potential setpoint; S. alnifolia (doi:10.1093/aobpla/plz058) is biologically opposite (anisohydric, cavitation-resistant) and rejected as a congener.

blank — BLANK per HARD RULE: the only πtlp value found is in a closed-access abstract, not an opened full-text source. Resolving/reading the abstract is not opening the paper, so no band is filled.

blank — BLANK per quote-or-blank rule. No source that could be opened states a species-specific water-potential setpoint (πtlp, stomatal-closure WP, dieback WP, or xylem P50/P88) for Ulex europaeus in MPa. Searches surfaced only root-biomechanics and invasion-ecology material (no leaf/xylem water-potential threshold), and the temperate/Mediterranean shrub turgor-loss dataset that might include Ulex is on a bot-blocked publisher (ScienceDirect). No openable source states a Ulex europaeus MPa drought setpoint, so no band is filled.

blank — BLANK per EVIDENCE HARD RULE. The canonical source (Elliott & Elliott 1995, Freshwater Biology 33(3):411-418, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.1995.tb00403.x — feeding 26.5 C, incipient lethal 27.6 C, ultimate lethal 32.5 C) is Wiley-paywalled: fetch returned found:false / oa_status closed across unpaywall, semantic_scholar, PMC, crossref_tdm and doi_resolve. Thresholds exist only in the paywalled abstract, so per 'paywalled-only threshold => BLANK' this row is left blank rather than filled from an unopenable source.

blank — BLANK: bullhead is rheophilic and requires high-oxygen clean streams, and its Pcrit exceeds that of stone loach, but no source I could OPEN states a numeric mg/L DO threshold. Pcrit papers are paywalled/http-only. Blank per evidence hard-rule rather than fabricate.

blank — BLANK per evidence rule. No open-access primary reporting an Abramis brama DO threshold in mg O2/L could be opened; the OA Pcrit database (Rogers et al. 2016) has no Abramis row. Available bream-hypoxia papers concern unrelated Megalobrama (blunt-snout bream), not Abramis brama. Quote-or-blank => blank.

blank — BLANK: no opened+quoted m/s value. Qualitatively limnophilic (slow-water preference), but no verbatim numeric velocity threshold obtainable from an openable source; would not chase the paywalled Waal/Elbe models.

blank — BLANKED on fact-check: cited DOI 10.3390/biology14121718 is Thymallus grubii (Amur grayling), not T. thymallus, and only tests to 24C. Needs a European-grayling source.

blank — BLANK per evidence rule. No open-access primary reporting a species-specific dissolved-oxygen threshold in mg O2/L for Rutilus rutilus could be opened; the OA Pcrit database (Rogers et al. 2016) contains no Rutilus rutilus row and reports Pcrit in kPa, not mg O2/L. No opened+quoted mg/L value => blank.

blank — BLANK: no opened+quoted roach-specific m/s value. Eurytopic->slow-water preference qualitatively, but no verbatim species-specific numeric velocity from an openable source; Irtysh value is family-level, not R. rutilus, so <0.85 confidence.

blank — BLANK: no opened+quoted pikeperch-specific m/s value. Limnophilic predator (slow/still-water preference) qualitatively, but no verbatim species-specific numeric velocity from an openable source; would not chase paywalled publishers.

blank — BLANK: no opened source states an Ephemeroptera dissolved-oxygen threshold in mg O2/L. Verberk et al. 2016 (opened) uses partial pressure (kPa) for lab hypoxia and BOD for field oxygen demand; converting kPa->mg/L would require a stated temperature+salinity basis the paper does not tie to a threshold value. Unit hard-rule -> blank rather than force an unstated conversion.

blank — BLANK per evidence rule. Tubifex is extremely hypoxia/anoxia-tolerant, but no open-access primary reporting a quantitative Tubifex tubifex dissolved-oxygen survival threshold in mg O2/L could be opened (the located tubificid-tolerance record, DOI 10.1127/0003-9136/2005/0164-0013, was not OA and could not be fetched); secondary web compendia are not acceptable primary evidence. No opened+quoted mg/L value => blank.

blank — BLANK: species-specific summer open-lake thermal setpoints for C. albula appear only in paywalled sources not openable here; the coregonine warming paper opened in-session (Whitton et al. 2021, published as Hydrobiologia DOI 10.1007/s10750-021-04648-0; preprint 10.1101/2021.02.13.431107) covers EMBRYO incubation (2.0-9.0 °C), not summer surface temperature — so it grounds Axis-1 egg-incubation bands, not a summer °C tolerance band. Honest blank for summer_water_temperature.

blank — BLANK: no opened source gives a summer upper-thermal °C setpoint for O. eperlanus. SUPPORT (cold-context only, opened): "Smelt start spawning when the water temperature increases in early spring, especially at water temperatures between 4 and 6°C" and "The temperature threshold at which the development rate is zero was estimated at T0 = 1.8°C" (Keller et al. 2020, DOI 10.1111/jfb.14314, Crossref-verified 2020). These are cold spawning/incubation values, not the summer upper limit the axis requires; honest blank per evidence rule.

blank — Left blank per the openable-only / verbatim-support rule: no OPENED source names Haliaeetus albicilla as a predator of Saimaa ringed seal pups. Jakkila et al. 2024 (opened) supports the ice/lair→predation-exposure logic verbatim — SUPPORT:"there are observations where red fox (Vulpes vulpes) have killed a seal pup that has been on ice in March (Auttila 2015). Thus, earlier snowmelt increases the threats to the pups" — but names red fox, not the eagle; substituting it for the eagle-specific signal would conflate predators. Blank rather than fill an 'eagle_predation_pressure' band without a verbatim eagle-predation support quote from an opened source.